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Tooth Extractions


A dental extraction is a common procedure performed when a tooth cannot be saved due to decay, infection, gum disease, trauma or sometimes orthodontic reasons. While the procedure itself is usually straightforward, proper aftercare is essential to ensure smooth healing and to prevent complications.

A tooth extraction may be recommended if:

  • The tooth is severely decayed (unrestorable) or infected
  • Gum disease has weakened the supporting bone
  • A tooth is cracked or broken beyond repair
  • Wisdom teeth are impacted or causing pain
  • There is overcrowding before orthodontic treatment

Your dentist will numb the area with local anaesthetic so you remain comfortable. The tooth is gently loosened and removed from the socket (the space in the jaw bone). In some cases, stitches may be placed to help healing.


After the extraction, a blood clot forms in the socket - this is very important for healing.

It is normal to experience:

  • Mild bleeding for several hours
  • Swelling around the area
  • Some pain once the anaesthetic wears off

Healing typically takes around 1-2 weeks for the gum tissue and 4-6 weeks if it was a surgical extraction

Controlling Bleeding

  • Bite gently on gauze provided for 30-45 minutes
  • A small amount of bleeding or blood-tinged saliva is normal
  • If bleeding continues, replace the gauze and apply pressure


First 24 Hours: Critical Healing Phase

To protect the blood clot:

  • Do not rinse, spit or use a straw
  • Avoid smoking and alcohol
  • Rest and avoid strenuous activity
  • Keep your head slightly elevated


Distrupting the clot can lead to a painful condition called a dry socket


Managing Pain and Swelling

  • Take pain relief as recommended
  • Apply an ice pack (10-15 minutes at a time)
  • Swelling usually peaks within the first 48 hours


Eating and Drinking

  • Stick to soft foods (e.g. yoghurt, soup, mashed foods)
  • Avoid hot, spicy or crunchy foods initially
  • Chew on the opposite side of your mouth
  • Stay well hydrated


Oral Hygiene

  • Do not brush the extraction site on the first day
  • After 24 hours, gently rinse wth warm salt water
  • Continue brushing other teeth carefully


Good oral hygiene helps prevent infection while protecting the healing area

What is a Dry Socket?

A dry socket (alveolar osteitis) is one of the most common complications after a tooth extraction.


After a tooth is removed, a blood clot forms in the socket. The clot is essential because if protects the underlying bone and nerves, as well as supports healing of the gum and bone.


Dry sockets occur when this blood clot fails to form properly or becomes dislodged too early. When this happens, the bone and nerve underneath are exposed, leading to significant pain.


What Does a Dry Socket Feel Like?

Symptoms usually develop 2-4 days after the extraction and may include:

  • Severe, throbbing pain that doesn't improve (and may worsen)
  • Pain that radiates to the ear, jaw or temple
  • A bad taste or unpleasant smell in your mouth
  • A visibly empty socket (you may see bone rather than a clot)

This pain is often stronger than typical post-extraction discomfort


Who is at Higher Risk?

Factors that increase the risk of dry socket include:

  • Smoking or vaping
  • Using straws too soon after the extraction
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Traumatic or difficult extractions (e.g. surgical or wisdom teeth)
  • Previous history of dry socket
  • Hormonal factors (e.g. oral contraceptive use)


How Can Dry Socket Be Prevented?

Prevention focuses on protecting the blood clot until it strengthens (which takes approximately two days):

  • Avoid smoking for at least 24 hours (longer is best)
  • Do not use straws or spit forcefully
  • Avoid vigorous rinsing for the first 24 hours
  • Follow all post-operative instructions carefully
  • Maintain good oral hygiene without disturbing the site


How is Dry Socket Treated?

If a dry socket occurs, it is important to see your dentist. Treatment may include:

  • Gentle cleaning of the socket
  • Placing a medicated dressing to relieve pain
  • Prescribing pain relief if needed

The condition is very treatable, and symptoms usually improve quickly once managed

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